Working Principle
The working principle of the horizontal screw centrifuge is based on the action of centrifugal force. When the equipment is running, the drum and the screw rotate at high speed in the same direction with a certain differential speed. The material is continuously introduced into the inner cylinder of the feeding screw from the feed pipe, and enters the drum after acceleration. Under the action of the centrifugal field, the heavier solid phase is deposited on the drum wall to form a sediment layer, while the lighter liquid phase forms an inner liquid ring. Subsequently, the feeding screw continuously pushes the deposited solid phase to the conical end of the drum and discharges it out of the machine through the slag discharge port; the liquid phase continuously overflows the drum from the overflow port at the large end of the drum and is discharged out of the machine through the liquid discharge port.
Main features
1. Compact structure: The horizontal screw centrifuge has a compact overall design, small footprint, and is easy to install and move.
2. Continuous operation: The equipment can continuously feed, separate, wash and unload at full speed, which improves production efficiency.
3. Smooth operation: Due to the use of advanced transmission and control systems, the equipment runs smoothly and has low noise.
4. Strong adaptability: Suitable for separating suspended liquids containing solid phases with a particle size greater than 0.005mm and a concentration range of 2% to 40%.
5. Large production capacity: The horizontal screw centrifuge has a high processing capacity and can meet the needs of large-scale production.
6. Convenient maintenance: The equipment has a simple structure and is easy to maintain and maintain.
Key components
1. Drum: The drum is the main part of the whole machine, usually composed of a large cylinder made of metal. When rotating at high speed, the drum generates a strong centrifugal force, which throws the solid particles in the floating liquid onto the inner wall of the drum to form a solid layer.
2. Screw conveyor: The screw conveyor is located in the drum and rotates in the same direction as the drum but at a slightly higher or lower speed. By using the relative movement (speed difference) between the screw and the drum, the screw conveyor continuously pushes the solid phase material deposited on the inner wall of the drum to the outlet of the small end of the drum for discharge.
3. Differential: The differential is a key component connecting the drum and the screw conveyor. It keeps a certain speed difference between the two, thereby achieving the purpose of solid-liquid separation.
4. Drive system: The drive system is used to drive the drum and the screw conveyor to rotate, providing power for the normal operation of the centrifuge.
5. Control system: The control system is used to control the start and stop, speed adjustment and safety protection of the centrifuge to ensure the stable operation and safe production of the centrifuge.
Application fields
Decanter centrifuges are widely used in chemical, light industry, pharmaceutical, food, environmental protection and other industries. Specifically, in the chemical industry, they can be used for dehydration treatment and catalyst recovery in pigment production; in the mining industry, they can be used for dehydration and purification of slurry; in environmental protection projects, they can be used to treat industrial wastewater containing a large amount of suspended matter, reduce pollution load and improve water quality standards. In addition, decanter centrifuges are also commonly used in the food processing industry (such as juice purification), pulp manufacturing, and the preparation of certain high-purity products in pharmaceutical production.
Selection suggestions
When choosing a horizontal screw centrifuge, the following factors need to be considered:
1. Speed: Generally, the horizontal screw centrifuge should be above 3000 rpm. The higher the speed, the higher the separation factor of the centrifuge, and the better the separation effect.
2. Material: Different materials have different physical and chemical indicators such as wear resistance and corrosion resistance. The appropriate material should be selected according to the material characteristics and the use environment.
3. Differential control: The higher the differential accuracy, the better the adaptability to the material, so the equipment with high differential accuracy should be selected directly.
4. Aspect ratio: The larger the aspect ratio of the horizontal screw centrifuge, the greater its processing capacity and the lower the moisture content.
5. Control system: Automated programming control equipment is preferred to improve production efficiency and safety.
6. Installed power: It affects the control of energy consumption. Generally, domestic equipment has a high energy consumption ratio, while foreign equipment has a low energy consumption ratio.
7. Processing and manufacturing technology: The horizontal screw centrifuge is a separation equipment with high-precision processing requirements. Products produced by enterprises with fine processing capabilities should be selected.
As an efficient solid-liquid separation equipment, the decanter centrifuge plays an important role in many fields. When selecting and using it, comprehensive consideration should be given to actual needs to ensure the best performance and economic benefits of the equipment.