Working principle of disc centrifuge
Disc centrifuge is a precision equipment that uses the powerful centrifugal force field generated by high-speed rotation to achieve solid-liquid or liquid-liquid separation. Its structural core is a drum equipped with multiple conical discs (disc stack). When the mixed liquid to be treated is introduced through the central feed pipe, the components with different densities are quickly separated by layers under the action of centrifugal force.
Brief description of the working process:
Feeding stage: The material enters the high-speed rotating drum through the central tube.
Separation stage: In the extremely thin liquid layer between the discs, the heavy components (such as solid particles or heavy liquid) are thrown outward, and the light components are close to the center.
Discharge stage:
Solid-liquid separation: Solids are deposited on the drum wall and discharged regularly or continuously by the slag discharge mechanism;
Liquid-liquid separation: Light and heavy liquids are discharged through different liquid discharge devices.
The existence of discs greatly shortens the distance that solids or heavy liquids migrate outward, thereby significantly improving the separation efficiency, which is an important feature that distinguishes this equipment from other centrifuges.
Structural design and technical highlights
Although the disc centrifuge is compact in appearance, its internal structure is sophisticated and complex. Every design bears the stringent requirements of high-speed operation, high-intensity load and high cleanliness standards.
1. High-speed drum design
The drum is the core of the entire equipment. It is usually forged with high-strength stainless steel. After dynamic balance test, the operating speed can reach more than 7000~10000rpm, and the centrifugal force generated can reach more than 5000G, which effectively ensures the separation of fine particles.
2. Conical disc structure
The discs are usually made of thin stainless steel and arranged at a certain spacing and angle. Each pair of discs forms a micro-sedimentation space, which greatly improves the separation contact area and efficiency. The surface of the disc is polished to reduce adhesion and improve cleaning efficiency.
3. Automatic slag discharge device
According to the process requirements, the equipment can be equipped with intermittent slag discharge (timed automatic discharge of deposited solids) or continuous slag discharge (suitable for high solid content materials) slag discharge mechanism to avoid shutdown and slag cleaning, and improve production capacity and efficiency.
4. Closed sterile structure
The whole machine adopts a closed sanitary design, with O-rings or mechanical seals at the joints, supports CIP/SIP cleaning and sterilization, and meets the requirements of food-grade and pharmaceutical-grade production environments.
Wide range of applications
The high-precision and high-speed separation characteristics of disc centrifuges make them widely used in many high-end fields:
1. Biopharmaceutical and fermentation industries
Cell sap clarification: such as antibiotics, insulin, vaccines and other bacterial sedimentation;
Fermentation broth recovery: efficient separation of yeast and bacterial cells;
Plasma separation: used for separation of plasma and blood cells in the production of blood products;
Enzyme extraction: maintain activity and avoid degradation of heat-sensitive materials.
2. Food and dairy industry
Dairy processing: skim milk, whey protein, whey separation;
Juice clarification: citrus juice, apple juice, mango pulp, etc.;
Wine fermentation: separation of lees of white wine, yellow wine and grape wine;
Plant extract: filtration and clarification of Chinese herbal medicine extract.
3. Chemical and fine chemical industry
Catalyst recovery, resin emulsion separation, nanomaterial precipitation and classification, etc.;
It is more superior for the treatment of heat-sensitive, corrosive and toxic materials.
4. Oil and cosmetics industry
Degumming of vegetable oils, refining of animal oils, purification of flavors and fragrances;
Removal and stable separation of impurities in cosmetic emulsions and skin care products.
Operation and maintenance suggestions
In order to ensure the long-term and efficient operation of the disc centrifuge, a standardized use and maintenance system should be established:
Daily inspection:
Check whether there is abnormal noise and vibration;
Check the clarity of the liquid and the slag discharge cycle;
Monitor whether the speed is stable and whether there is an overload alarm.
Maintenance cycle suggestions:
Lubrication system: Regularly check the oil level, oil quality, and oil change;
Disc cleaning: It is recommended to clean the disc stack every 500-1000 hours of operation;
Seal replacement: Check and replace once a year to avoid leakage;
Slag discharge mechanism calibration: Detect the action sensitivity every six months or during each overhaul;
Dynamic balance correction: Immediately check whether the drum is unbalanced when abnormal vibration occurs.
As China’s manufacturing industry transforms and upgrades to “high-end, intelligent, and green”, disc centrifuges, as an important representative of core separation equipment, are ushering in a new era of rapid development. With our continuous research and development of technology, strict control of quality, and deep understanding of customer needs, our products have widely served many high-end customers at home and abroad and gained a good reputation.
In the future, we will continue to focus on “high performance, high efficiency, and high reliability”, adhere to innovation-driven, and provide global customers with more advanced, smarter, and more value-added disc centrifuge overall solutions.
